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    El Parlamento Europeo rechaza la propuesta de que los ISP suspendan el servicio a presuntos piratas

    Published on 16 April 2008 @ 4:52 pm

    Intellectual Property Watch

    Por Dugie Standeford para Intellectual Property Watch
    El jueves, el Parlamento Europeo instó a los gobiernos a no autorizar la suspensión del acceso a Internet en el caso de que se sospeche de piratería lesiva del derecho de autor. El tema de la votación, un informe de propia iniciativa sobre la promoción de las industrias culturales europeas presentado por el parlamentario socialista francés Guy Bono, ha suscitado mucho revuelo en torno a la responsabilidad de los proveedores de servicio de Internet (ISP) por las violaciones en línea.

    Si bien la acción no es vinculante, podría obstaculizar los esfuerzos nacionales y comunitarios de adoptar el enfoque francés de las “tres infracciones” como solución al problema, dijo Philippe Aigrain de “La Quadrature du Net” (el encuadre de la red), una organización comunitaria francesa que supervisa los intentos gubernamentales por reglamentar los aspectos de la Internet.

    [Nota del redactor: El informe se adoptó mediante 586 votos a favor y 36 en contra, con enmiendas. Votaron 314 a 297 sobre la enmienda 22 para requerir que los Estados miembros no autoricen la suspensión como parte de la respuesta escalonada para combatir las violaciones al derecho de autor, según se informó].

    Una inmensa mayoría de legisladores aprobaron el informe, que solicita a la Comisión Europea que “replantee la cuestión crítica de la propiedad intelectual desde el punto de vista cultural y económico, y pide a todos los agentes del sector, con la especial participación de los operadores de telecomunicaciones y los proveedores de servicios de Internet, la búsqueda conjunta de soluciones equitativas tanto para los pequeños como para los grandes interesados…”. En el informe también se señala que “criminalizar a los consumidores que actúan sin ánimo de lucro no es la solución adecuada para luchar contra la piratería”.

    En enero, la Comisión de Cultura y Educación eliminó las enmiendas que instaban a los ISP a luchar contra la piratería mediante el cumplimiento de los términos y condiciones de los acuerdos de servicios o el corte del servicio a los abonados que se negaran a dejar de infringir las normas, y que requerían que los proveedores de servicios filtren, bloqueen o, de lo contrario, ayuden a eliminar a los piratas del derecho de autor.

    Sin embargo, la cuestión de si los ISP deberían asumir una mayor responsabilidad por la protección del derecho de autor continúa en estado de ebullición. El año pasado, los ISP franceses intentaron filtrar los archivos infractores, y el Presidente francés Nicolas Sarkozy está impulsando una “respuesta escalonada”, denominada “tres infracciones”, mecanismo por el cual los ISP deberían, primero, exigir a los presuntos piratas que detengan su accionar y, luego, si se niegan, suspender el servicio. Viviane Reding, Comisaria de Sociedad de la Información y Medios de Comunicación, ha mencionado la idea de un enfoque similar en el ámbito comunitario.

    Después de la votación de la Comisión de Cultura, el parlamentario conservador sueco Christofer Fjellner y el ex Primer Ministro socialista francés Michel Rocard presentaron documentos que instaban a la Comisión y a los Estados miembros a no promulgar leyes que estén en pugna con las libertades civiles y las normas de la proporcionalidad, tales como la interrupción del acceso a Internet. Las organizaciones de libertades civiles apoyaron fervientemente el texto. El Gobierno francés dijo que la restricción o la suspensión temporaria del acceso a Internet debería estar disponible como un modo de controlar a los usuarios que realizan descargas ilegales, si se respetan los principios democráticos.

    ¿Las “tres infracciones” quedan afuera?

    Los legisladores aprobaron la enmienda el jueves. Algunos deseaban la votación por partes, separando los principios generales del rechazo explícito de la interrupción del acceso a Internet, señaló Aigrain. La estrategia fracasó cuando se aprobaron ambas partes de la enmienda, sostuvo. El mensaje de los parlamentarios fue que ellos “sabían de qué se trataba y se basaron en ello para rechazar el principio mismo del enfoque de las tres infracciones”, manifestó.

    Muchas de las recomendaciones del informe hacen hincapié en la necesidad de proteger la propiedad intelectual como un motor de crecimiento en el sector creativo, afirmó Frances Moore, Vicepresidenta Ejecutiva de la IFPI (Federación Internacional de la Industria Fonográfica).

    No obstante, se adoptó una “enmienda mal preparada y presentada apresuradamente”, que contradice el resto del texto, señaló Moore. Si el propósito del informe es proteger el contenido creativo, incluido el contenido en línea, “deberíamos observar todas las opciones disponibles en la lucha contra el robo del derecho de autor”, sostuvo. En cambio, agregó, la enmienda descarta algunas opciones, sin siquiera haber mantenido un debate adecuado.

    La votación representa una sólida señal en dirección a Francia, manifestó un representante de La Quadrature du Net. El miércoles, durante los debates sobre su informe, Bono criticó a “determinados Estados miembros cuyas medidas represivas son dictadas por las industrias” que son incapaces de cambiar su modelo económico para satisfacer las nuevas necesidades de la sociedad de la información. La suspensión del acceso a Internet está “bastante fuera de proporción” respecto del objetivo de la protección del derecho de autor, indicó Bono, y tendrá repercusiones graves en una sociedad en la que el acceso es un derecho imperativo de inclusión social.

    La votación también podría obligar a Reding a reconsiderar su enfoque, dijo Aigrain. La inclusión del régimen de tres pasos en su próxima estrategia cultural “requeriría de un extraordinario desdén hacia el Parlamento”, manifestó. Bajo circunstancias normales, ese concepto ahora está en desuso en el ámbito de la UE, señaló.

    Los legisladores rechazaron claramente la respuesta escalonada como una solución a la piratería en Internet, observó Erik Josefsson, Coordinador de Asuntos Europeos de la Electronic Frontier Foundation. Existen otras soluciones en desarrollo, entre ellas, las licencias voluntarias y nuevos modelos comerciales para la remuneración de los propietarios de contenido, dijo. Hay mucha creatividad pero con las asociaciones principales de titulares de derechos, destacó Josefsson.

    El enfoque de la respuesta escalonada, señaló Monique Goyens, Directora General de la Organización Europea de Consumidores (BEUC), “se opone a algunos de los derechos fundamentales de los consumidores”, en particular, el derecho de un acusado a un juicio justo.

     

    Comments

    1. Miguel says:

      Go, Europe, go!… Refreshing common sense…


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    We welcome your participation in article and blog comment threads, and other discussion forums, where we encourage you to analyse and react to the content available on the Intellectual Property Watch website. By participating in discussions or reader forums, or by submitting opinion pieces or comments to articles, blogs, reviews or multimedia features, you are consenting to these rules.

    We welcome your participation in article and blog comment threads, and other discussion forums, where we encourage you to analyse and react to the content available on the Intellectual Property Watch website.

    By participating in discussions or reader forums, or by submitting opinion pieces or comments to articles, blogs, reviews or multimedia features, you are consenting to these rules.

    1. You agree that you are fully responsible for the content that you post. You will not knowingly post content that violates the copyright, trademark, patent or other intellectual property right of any third party or which you know is under a confidentiality obligation preventing its publication and that you will request removal of the same should you discover that you have violated this provision. Likewise, you may not post content that is libelous, defamatory, obscene, abusive, that violates a third party's right to privacy, that otherwise violates any applicable local, state, national or international law, that amounts to spamming or that is otherwise inappropriate. You may not post content that degrades others on the basis of gender, race, class, ethnicity, national origin, religion, sexual preference, disability or other classification. Epithets and other language intended to intimidate or to incite violence are also prohibited. Furthermore, you may not impersonate others.

    2. You understand and agree that Intellectual Property Watch is not responsible for any content posted by you or third parties. You further understand that IP Watch does not monitor the content posted. Nevertheless, IP Watch may monitor the any user-generated content as it chooses and reserves the right to remove, edit or otherwise alter content that it deems inappropriate for any reason whatever without consent nor notice. We further reserve the right, in our sole discretion, to remove a user's privilege to post content on our site. IP Watch is not in any manner endorsing the content of the discussion forums and cannot and will not vouch for its reliability or otherwise accept liability for it.

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    5. IP Watch will not be liable for any loss including but not limited to the following (whether such losses are foreseen, known or otherwise): loss of data, loss of revenue or anticipated profit, loss of business, loss of opportunity, loss of goodwill or injury to reputation, losses suffered by third parties, any indirect, consequential or exemplary damages.

    6. You understand and agree that the discussion forums are to be used only for non-commercial purposes. You may not solicit funds, promote commercial entities or otherwise engage in commercial activity in our discussion forums.

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    9. These terms and your posts and contributions shall be governed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of Switzerland (without giving effect to conflict of laws principles thereof) and any dispute exclusively settled by the Courts of the Canton of Geneva.