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Call For Transparency In The Trans-Pacific Partnership Negotiation

In this post, three US law professors explain a recent call by over 30 legal scholars for the US Trade Representative to increase transparency for the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement intellectual property chapter, and their response to Ambassador Kirk’s response that he is “strongly offended” by the suggestion that the negotiation is not adequately transparent already.





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    Le Plan d’action de l’OMPI pour le développement est sur les rails

    Published on 4 October 2007 @ 4:47 pm

    Intellectual Property Watch

    Par William New

    Les membres de l’Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle ont officiellement adopté vendredi un nouveau Plan d’action pour le développement, jetant les bases d’une orientation plus marquée de l’organisation vers le développement. Les détails relatifs à la mise en œuvre du plan d’action seront définis ultérieurement.

    «Ce jour est à marquer d’une pierre blanche», a déclaré l’ambassadeur argentin Alberto Dumont lors d’un point de presse. «Notre groupe est très satisfait des résultats obtenus» mais, a-t-il ajouté, «le chemin est encore long».

    L’assemblée a approuvé la création d’un nouveau Comité du développement et de la propriété intellectuelle, qui se réunira chaque année en deux sessions de cinq jours chacune. La première session aura lieu dès 2008. Le cahier des charges du comité se résume à la mise en œuvre des 45 propositions acceptées par les membres de l’OMPI. Parmi ces recommandations, 19 devront être mises en application dans les plus brefs délais (faible coût tant en termes financiers qu’en termes de ressources humaines). Pour consulter la liste des 19 propositions, cliquez ici . La liste complète des 45 propositions figure dans le document A/43/13 REV. du rapport du PCDA.

    Le nouveau plan d’action «permettra de donner une nouvelle orientation à l’institution», affirme le ministre conseiller à la mission brésilienne, Guilherme Patriota, qui a activement participé aux négociations ces trois dernières années. Il se félicite de «donner un nouveau souffle au mandat de l’OMPI».

    «Une certaine incertitude flottait sur les contours du mandat de l’OMPI dans le domaine», a précisé Guilherme Patriota. Mais avec l’émergence de «toute une série de thématiques» en lien avec les nouvelles technologies, de nouveaux concepts ont vu le jour, notamment en ce qui concerne l’accès au savoir ou les méthodes alternatives de concession de licences. «L’idée est d’adapter les orientations de l’organisation aux défis émergents», a-t-il résumé.

    Le nouveau Plan d’action pour le développement pourrait rester à l’ordre du jour de l’OMPI pendant de nombreuses années. Dans le cadre de l’Assemblée qui se tient cette semaine, les membres doivent se prononcer sur l’octroi d’un budget de 20 millions de francs suisses pour les activités de développement en 2008 et 2009 [clarification: cette somme ne se réfère pas uniquement au plan d’action, mais à un programme plus large en lien avec les «applications stratégiques de la propriété intellectuelle pour le développement»]. Mais d’après Alberto Dumont, le prochain biennium permettra d’affiner l’évaluation du budget pour ces activités.

    L’idée d’un Plan d’action pour le développement a été avancée par l’Argentine et le Brésil lors de l’Assemblée générale de 2004, et appuyée par treize autres membres du Groupe des amis du développement.

    Les pays en développement préfèrent ne pas crier victoire avant la mise en application sur le terrain des propositions adoptées. «La mise en œuvre de ces décisions ne se fera pas du jour au lendemain», avertit Alberto Dumont. «Certaines nécessiteront du temps, de nombreuses discussions et beaucoup de volonté politique.»

    Les propositions les plus importantes portent sur l’établissement de normes, le transfert de technologies et la structure à mettre en place pour intégrer la dimension du développement dans l’organisation, a expliqué Alberto Dumont. A travers ces propositions, c’est une véritable réforme de l’OMPI qui est visée, en particulier de l’assistance technique, souvent critiquée pour son inadéquation dans les pays les moins développés.

    L’ambassadeur argentin a par ailleurs ajouté que «certaines thématiques centrales en lien avec la propriété intellectuelle et le développement doivent être examinées dans le détail» à plus long terme.

    Pour Guilherme Patriota, l’évaluation des incidences des activités de l’OMPI sur le développement sera l’occasion pour l’organisation de s’impliquer davantage dans le domaine des analyses économiques appliquées au développement.

    Ce Plan d’action pour le développement aura donc des répercussions sur les activités de l’OMPI, y compris dans le domaine des brevets, mais également sur celles d’autres organisations internationales, notamment l’Organisation mondiale de la santé dans son travail sur la propriété intellectuelle, l’innovation et la santé publique, a développé Alberto Dumont.

    Au cours des trois dernières années, les négociations préalables à l’adoption du plan d’action ont connu différentes phases. Et bien qu’ils se soient heurtés à plusieurs reprises aux résistances de certains pays développés et à certaines réticences de l’OMPI, les Amis du développement ont persisté dans leurs efforts de maintenir la thématique sur le devant de la scène.

    Monsieur Dumont semble lui-même surpris de la rapidité avec laquelle un consensus a pu être trouvé: la plupart des négociations multilatérales prennent plus de trois ans, a-t-il fait remarquer.

    Le Groupe des Amis du développement comprend l’Argentine, la Bolivie, le Brésil, Cuba, la République dominicaine, l’Equateur, l’Egypte, l’Iran, le Kenya, le Pérou, la Sierra Leone, l’Afrique du Sud, la Tanzanie, l’Uruguay et le Venezuela.

    Une série d’organisations non gouvernementales a joué un rôle clé dans le processus de négociation du Plan d’action pour le développement. Parmi ces organisations, citons Knowledge Ecology International, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Center for International Environmental Law, International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, IP Justice, Third World Network, International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, Library Copyright Alliance, Centre for Technology and Society à la Fundacao Getulio Vargas Law School de Rio de Janeiro, ainsi que l’organisation intergouvernementale South Centre.

     


    Leave a Reply

    We welcome your participation in article and blog comment threads, and other discussion forums, where we encourage you to analyse and react to the content available on the Intellectual Property Watch website. By participating in discussions or reader forums, or by submitting opinion pieces or comments to articles, blogs, reviews or multimedia features, you are consenting to these rules.

    We welcome your participation in article and blog comment threads, and other discussion forums, where we encourage you to analyse and react to the content available on the Intellectual Property Watch website.

    By participating in discussions or reader forums, or by submitting opinion pieces or comments to articles, blogs, reviews or multimedia features, you are consenting to these rules.

    1. You agree that you are fully responsible for the content that you post. You will not knowingly post content that violates the copyright, trademark, patent or other intellectual property right of any third party or which you know is under a confidentiality obligation preventing its publication and that you will request removal of the same should you discover that you have violated this provision. Likewise, you may not post content that is libelous, defamatory, obscene, abusive, that violates a third party's right to privacy, that otherwise violates any applicable local, state, national or international law, that amounts to spamming or that is otherwise inappropriate. You may not post content that degrades others on the basis of gender, race, class, ethnicity, national origin, religion, sexual preference, disability or other classification. Epithets and other language intended to intimidate or to incite violence are also prohibited. Furthermore, you may not impersonate others.

    2. You understand and agree that Intellectual Property Watch is not responsible for any content posted by you or third parties. You further understand that IP Watch does not monitor the content posted. Nevertheless, IP Watch may monitor the any user-generated content as it chooses and reserves the right to remove, edit or otherwise alter content that it deems inappropriate for any reason whatever without consent nor notice. We further reserve the right, in our sole discretion, to remove a user's privilege to post content on our site. IP Watch is not in any manner endorsing the content of the discussion forums and cannot and will not vouch for its reliability or otherwise accept liability for it.

    3. By submitting any contribution to IP Watch, you warrant that your contribution is your own original work and that you have the right to make it available to IP Watch for all purposes and you agree to indemnify IP Watch, its directors, employees and agents against all damages, legal fees and others expenses that may be incurred by IP Watch as a result of your breach of warranty or of these terms.

    4. You further agree not to publish any personal information about yourself or anyone else (for example telephone number or home address). If you add a comment to a blog, be aware that your email address will be apparent.

    5. IP Watch will not be liable for any loss including but not limited to the following (whether such losses are foreseen, known or otherwise): loss of data, loss of revenue or anticipated profit, loss of business, loss of opportunity, loss of goodwill or injury to reputation, losses suffered by third parties, any indirect, consequential or exemplary damages.

    6. You understand and agree that the discussion forums are to be used only for non-commercial purposes. You may not solicit funds, promote commercial entities or otherwise engage in commercial activity in our discussion forums.

    7. You acknowledge and agree that you use and/or rely on any information obtained through the discussion forums at your own risk.

    8. For any content that you post, you hereby grant to IP Watch the royalty-free, irrevocable, perpetual, exclusive and fully sub-licensable license to use, reproduce, modify, adapt, publish, translate, create derivative works from, distribute, perform and display such content in whole or in part, world-wide and to incorporate it in other works, in any form, media or technology now known or later developed.

    9. These terms and your posts and contributions shall be governed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of Switzerland (without giving effect to conflict of laws principles thereof) and any dispute exclusively settled by the Courts of the Canton of Geneva.